Mini-Pills
(Progesterone-Only Oral Contraceptives)
What
are Mini-Pills?
Mini-Pills are progesterone-only
birth control pills. Mini-Pills come in packs of 28 pills and you take one every
day. They contain a synthetic form of the progesterone hormone and no estrogen. The
Mini-Pill affects the mucus around the cervix and makes it harder for sperm to
enter the uterus. It also affects the transport of the egg through the fallopian
tubes. In these ways, the Mini-Pill prevents fertilization. Mini-Pills are
87-99.7%
effective, slightly less than regular birth control pills. They do not
protect against reproductive tract infections, including HIV/AIDS.
Use Your Health Side
Effects Drug Interactions Danger
Signs
Missed Pills Future
Fertility Advantages
Disadvantages Further References PDF
Version
Use
There are hormones in each Mini-Pill;
there are no spacer pills. It is important to take
a pill every day, preferably at the same time each day. Forgetting
a Mini-Pill or taking it late increases the chance of pregnancy more than missing
a regular birth control pill.
You can improve the
effectiveness of Mini-Pills by adding a backup method, like condoms or spermicide.
This is most important during the first three months and days 8-18 of your menstrual
cycle after the first three months.
Starting
Mini-Pills:
Take the first pill on the first day of
your period. Take one pill daily, at the same time of day, even during your period.
After the First
Pack:
As soon as you finish one pack, begin the next
one. Start your next pack even if you are still bleeding or have not started your
period. Continue taking one pill every day.
If
you have problems with the Mini-Pill, call the clinic. DO NOT stop taking the
Mini-Pills unless you want to get pregnant or can use another method of birth
control.
Every woman is different
and Mini-Pills are not recommended for all women. Due to the risk of serious health
problems, women with the following conditions should not use Mini-Pills:
- Unexplained vaginal bleeding
- Known or suspected pregnancy
- Breast
Cancer
Mini-Pills may not be recommended for
women who are concerned with weight gain, have liver disease, gallbladder disease,
heart disease, diabetes, or a history of depression.
Health
Risks:
Mini-Pills increase the risk of having functional
ovarian cysts. They also very slightly increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg attaches and grows outside the
uterus. This can be very dangerous and requires emergency medical attention. To
protect your health, watch out for the Mini-Pill's danger
signs.
Benefits:
Women on Mini-Pills have a decreased risk of endometrial cancer
and pelvic inflammatory disease. You may have less menstrual cramping and pain,
fewer periods, and less chance of anemia.
The
most common side effect for women using Mini-Pills is irregular bleeding. While
many women on Mini-Pills have normal periods, others may have irregular periods,
spotting between periods or no periods at all. If you do not bleed for 60 days,
call the clinic to arrange for a pregnancy test but continue taking your pills.
Other possible side effects of the Mini-Pill are
mood changes, headaches, and lowered sex drive.
Some
of the typical side effects of regular birth control pills, such as nausea, and
breast tenderness, usually do not occur with Mini-Pills.
Drug
Interactions
The
effectiveness of Mini-Pills is lowered when taken with certain medications. These
drugs include rifampin and anti-seizure medications. If you are taking any medications,
tell your clinician. When taking medications that may interfere with Mini-Pills,
consider adding a backup method of birth control, like condoms and spermicide.
As with all drugs, it is useful to inform all your medical providers if you are
using hormonal birth control.
Women
who experience any of the following symptoms while taking Mini-Pills should call
the clinic immediately:
- Abdominal
pains (severe)
- Chest
pain or shortness of breath
- Headaches
(severe)
- Eye
problems, such as blurred vision
- Severe
leg or arm pain or numbness
Missed
Pills
3 or
more hours late: Take a pill as soon as your remember. Use a backup method
for 48 hours.
1 pill missed: Take a pill as
soon as you remember and take the next one at the usual time. This may mean taking
two pills in one day. If you only miss one pill and make it up, you probably will
not get pregnant. Use a backup method for 2 weeks.
2
pills missed: Take 2 pills each day for the next 2 days. Use a backup method
for 2 weeks. You may have some spotting or bleeding. If the bleeding is like a
period, call the clinic.
3 or more pills missed: Use a backup method and call the clinic for instructions.
NEVER
TAKE MORE THAN 2 PILLS IN 1 DAY.
Women who want to become
pregnant may stop using Mini-Pills at any time. Fertility may return immediately
or after a few months.
Advantages
- Avoids typical side effects of regular birth control
pills.
- Has no estrogen.
- Easy to use.
- Does not harm
future fertility.
- Does not interrupt sex play.
Disadvantages
- Does not protect against sexually
transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS.
- Must be taken every day
at the same time.
- Less effective when taken with some drugs.
- Increased
risk of functional ovarian cysts.
- Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.
- May cause irregular bleeding.
- Requires a prescription.
Emergency Contraception (The "Morning After" Pill - "Plan B" - "EC")
You can prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse by taking Emergency Contraception pills (Plan B). Plan B works by giving the body a short burst of synthetic hormones that disrupt the hormone patterns needed for a pregnancy to start. Some types of regular birth control pills will work. Emergency Contraception is most effective 24-48 hours after unprotected intercourse but it can work for several days.
To find a clinic, doctor or pharmacy close to you, call the nationwide Emergency Contraception Hotline at 1-800-584-9911, 24 hours a day in English or Spanish (also at 1-888-NOT-2-LATE and ec.princeton.edu).
If you already have birth control pills in your possession, ask the hotline how to use them as emergency contraception. Or call our clinics at 800-572-4223 and ask how to use the birth control pills you already have to prevent pregnancy after sex.
In Washington State you can get Plan B directly from your pharmacy without first getting a prescription from a doctor. Call ahead to make sure they have it in stock and a trained person available to give it to you.
Women's health activists are working to make Plan B available over-the-counter nationwide so that one day soon you could purchase it at your neighborhood drug store.
Some people are buying Plan B in advance (it costs around $35-50) so they will have it on hand if they need.

March 3, 2008
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